Birds

1. Lesser whistling-duck (Dendrocygna javanica)

Numerous in Thattekad (5 – 6 Jan). Few birds seen from the houseboat in Vembanad lake (11 Jan).

2. Bar-headed goose (Anser indicus)

A flock of around 20 birds flying over us at Ranganathittu on 1 Jan.

3. Cotton pygmy-goose (Nettapus coromandelianus)

Two different pairs spotted at Vembanad lake on 11 Jan.

4. Indian spot-billed duck (Anas poecilorhyncha)

Small groups seen in Kabini backwaters (1 Jan) and two birds in Bandipur (3 Jan).

5. Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent, but introduced elsewhere. Relatively widespread in the places visited in Karnataka: Bandipur, Kabini, Nagarahole and Ranganathittu. Their calls would alert the presence of predators.

6. Gray junglefowl (Gallus sonneratii)

Endemic to India. Three males foraging at the shore of Kabini backwaters (1 Jan). Two pairs visiting ponds in Bandipur (3 Jan). Heard in Thattekad (5 – 6 Jan). Great views of a couple foraging on the forest litter in Periyar (8 Jan).

7. Gray francolin (Ortygornis pondicerianus)

A bird on the dust road from the safari jeep in Nagarahole, only seen by Valeria, on 1 Jan.

8. Painted bush-quail (Perdicula erythrorhyncha)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. A small group of three birds skulking in the dry grass in Eravikulam, only seen by Mihika and myself, on 6 Jan.

9. Rock pigeon (Columba livia)

Widespread in urban areas.

10. Eurasian collared-dove (Streptopelia decaocto)

A bird seen in Nagarahole during a safari on 2 Jan.

11. Spotted dove (Spilopelia chinensis)

Widespread and seen in good numbers in different areas and habitats.

12. Laughing dove (Spilopelia senegalensis)

Four birds seen in Bandipur during a safari on 2 Jan.

13. Asian emerald dove (Chalcophaps indica)

Calls heard at evening and dusk in Thattekad on 5 Jan.

14. Yellow-footed green-pigeon (Treron phoenicopterus)

Small flocks seen in Ranganathittu (1 Jan), Nagarahole (2 Jan) and Bandipur (3 Jan) — the latest mixed with plum-headed parakeets and providing great views.

15. Green imperial-pigeon (Ducula aenea)

One bird flying across the road in Bandipur on 3 Jan.

16. Southern coucal (Centropus sinensis parroti)

Endemic form to India and Sri Lanka. Quite widespread and seen in most lowland areas visited in Kerala on different dates, from rainforests to peri-urban environments. In Karnataka, few birds connected in Bandipur on 2 – 3 Jan.

17. Blue-faced malkoha (Phaenicophaeus viridirostris)

Endemic to south India and Sri Lanka. A bird delivering great views in Nagarahole on 2 Jan.

18. Asian koel (Eudynamys scolopaceus)

Good numbers in the Kerala plains: heard and seen on different dates at Mebin’s place, Kudavellari, Kumarakom and Vembanad lake. Birds also heard in Mysore city on 1 Jan.

19. Common hawk-cuckoo (Hierococcyx varius)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. The ‘brain-fever’ bird, receiving its name after its distinctive call, was heard in different places and dates. Adult and juvenile birds were seen at Mysore palace (31 Dec) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

20. Great eared-nightjar (Lyncornis macrotis)

Very range-restricted within India, we heard different birds from the watchtower in Thattekad (5 – 6 Jan) and from the jungle camp in Periyar (8 Jan).

21. Jerdon’s nightjar (Caprimulgus atripennis)

Endemic to south India and Sri Lanka. Heard in Kabini River Lodge (1 Jan) and Thattekad (5 Jan). A bird was seen on a night walk in Periyar (7 Jan).

22. Indian nightjar (Caprimulgus asiaticus)

Heard from the safari starting point at the gate of Bandipur before dawn on 3 Jan.

23. Savanna nightjar (Caprimulgus affinis)

Heard from the safari starting point at the gate of Bandipur before dawn on 3 Jan.

24. Sri Lanka frogmouth (Batrachostomus moniliger)

Endemic to the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka. A rufous female was seen at roost in Thattekad on 5 – 6 Jan.

25. Indian swiftlet (Aerodramus unicolor)

Endemic to the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka. One bird seen in Bandipur on 2 Jan. A small flock seen in Thattekad on 6 Jan.

26. Little swift (Apus affinis)

Quite widespread. Good numbers at dusk in Mysore Palace (31 Dec) and in the grassland around the Bamboo Grove in Periyar, where a large evening flock flew over calling (7 Jan).

27. Asian palm swift (Cypsiurus balasiensis)

Small numbers seen on different dates around the plains. Two birds seen at Kabini River Lodge on 2 Jan.

28. Crested treeswift (Hemiprocne coronata)

Small numbers seen in Bandipur during safari rides on 2 – 3 Jan.

29. Eurasian moorhen (Gallinula chloropus)

A bird spotted on the aquatic vegetation in Kudavellari on 30 Dec.

30. Eurasian coot (Fulica atra)

Two birds spotted on the aquatic vegetation in Kudavellari on 30 Dec.

31. Gray-headed swamphen (Porphyrio poliocephalus)

A flock of 15 birds seen on a pond in Kudavellari (30 Dec). Numerous in Vembanad lake, foraging on water hyacinth mats (10 – 11 Jan).

32. White-breasted waterhen (Amaurornis phoenicurus)

A bird seen on a pond in Bandipur (2 – 3 Jan) and one in Thattekad (6 Jan).

33. Great thick-knee (Esacus recurvirostris)

Two birds resting on a rock by the lake in Ranganathittu on 1 Jan.

34. Black-winged stilt (Himantopus himantopus)

Flocks seen in Kudavellari on our two visits: on 30 Dec and 4 Jan.

35. Pacific golden-plover (Pluvialis fulva)

Four birds foraging in the barren muddy rice paddies in Kudavellari on 4 Jan.

36. Little ringed plover (Thinornis dubius)

Some birds foraging in the muddy rice paddies of Kudavellari (30 Dec and 4 Jan) and two birds on the shore in Kabini backwaters (1 Jan).

37. Red-wattled lapwing (Vanellus indicus)

Widespread, with pairs and single individuals seen in wet areas across most visited areas.

38. Kentish plover (Anarhynchus alexandrinus)

One bird foraging in the muddy rice paddies of Kudavellari on 30 Dec.

39. Pheasant-tailed jacana (Hydrophasianus chirurgus)

Two distant birds in Kudavellari on 4 Jan. Again in the distance, two birds are spotted from the houseboat in Vembanad lake, and a third provides cracking views at shorter distance in a nearby paddyfield next to the houseboat departure point, on 11 Jan.

40. Bronze-winged jacana (Metopidius indicus)

A juvenile and an adult seen in Kudavellari on 30 Dec. Several birds spotted from the houseboat in Vembanad lake on 11 Jan.

41. Pin-tailed snipe (Gallinago stenura)

At dusk, at least 6 birds were counted flying from the forest into a wet grassland next to Bamboo Grove in Periyar on 7 Jan.

42. Common sandpiper (Actitis hypoleucos)

Lone birds seen in Kudavellari (30 Dec and 4 Jan) and on the lake shore in Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

43. Green sandpiper (Tringa ochropus)

One bird seen in Bandipur on 3 Jan.

44. Marsh sandpiper (Tringa stagnatilis)

A handful of birds spotted in Kudavellari on both visits — 30 Dec and 4 Jan.

45. Wood sandpiper (Tringa glareola)

Relatively numerous in Kudavellari, where tens of birds foraged in the muddy rice paddies. Two birds seen on a rice paddy close to Vembanad lake in the departure point of the houseboat on 11 Jan.

46. Common greenshank (Tringa nebularia)

Five birds on the shore of Kabini backwaters on 1 Jan.

47. Temminck’s stint (Calidris temminckii)

Numerous in the rice paddies of Kudavellari.

48. Little stint (Calidris minuta)

A flock of some 15 birds mixed with Temminck’s stints seen on Kudavellari on 30 Dec.

49. Small pratincole (Glareola lactea)

A large flock (+80) flying high over the rice paddies in Kudavellari for a long time and eventually approaching the ground (30 Dec). Two birds seen at Vembanad lake shore from KTDC Waterscapes (11 Jan).

50. Whiskered tern (Chlidonias hybrida)

Numerous on Kudavellari and Vembanad lake, where dozens of birds were seen daily.

51. River tern (Sterna aurantia)

Most numerous in Kabini backwaters, but also seen in Ranganathittu (both 1 Jan), Periyar (8 Jan), and three birds in Kudavellari (30 Dec) — the latest were the first sight of the species in the area for Mebin.

52. Little grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis)

One bird on a lake in Bandipur on 3 Jan.

53. Asian openbill (Anastomus oscitans)

Widespread and seen soaring in different areas spontaneously. Few birds rested on the pelican and heron colony of Ranganathittu on 1 Jan.

54. Asian woolly-necked stork (Ciconia episcopus)

Two birds in Kudavellari (30 Dec), three birds on the shore of Kabini backwaters (1 Jan) and up to five different birds seen in Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

55. Painted stork (Mycteria leucocephala)

Numerous in Kudavellari, where tens foraged with herons on shallow waters (30 Dec and 4 Jan), two birds in Ranganathittu (1 Jan) and a flyover bird in Bandipur (3 Jan).

56. Oriental darter (Anhinga melanogaster)

Good numbers seen in lakes across most areas visited, including Kudavellari, Ranganathittu, Kabini backwaters, Thattekad, Periyar or Vembanad lake.

57. Little cormorant (Microcarbo niger)

Numerous in lake areas. Highest numbers recorded in Kudavellari and Kabini backwaters.

58. Great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo)

The safari boat in Kabini visited a colony in the middle of Kabini backwaters with some 25 individuals (1 Jan). Five birds flying over Vembanad lake from KTDC Waterscapes (11 Jan).

59. Indian cormorant (Phalacrocorax fuscicollis)

Small numbers seen in Kudavellari (30 Dec), Ranganathittu (1 Jan), and Thattekad (5 – 6 Jan).

60. Glossy ibis (Plegadis falcinellus)

Three birds in Ranganathittu on 1 Jan. Very large flocks on Kudavellari on 4 Jan and Vembanad lake on 11 Jan.

61. Black-headed ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus)

A handful of birds seen in Kudavellari (30 Dec and 4 Jan) and Ranganathittu (1 Jan).

62. Red-naped ibis (Pseudibis papillosa)

A bird seen in central Mysore city on 31 Dec. One flyover bird in Ranganathittu and six foraging on Kabini backwater shores, both on 1 Jan.

63. Eurasian spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia)

Eight birds in the pelican and heron colony of Ranganathittu on 1 Jan.

64. Black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax)

A juvenile in Kudavellari on 30 Dec. Some 15 birds in the heron and pelican colony of Ranganathittu on 1 Jan.

65. Little egret (Egretta garzetta)

Numerous and widespread, seen in wet areas across all areas visited.

66. Striated heron (Butorides striata)

A single bird fishing in the stream of Kuttipara waterfalls on 29 Dec.

67. Indian pond-heron (Ardeola grayii)

Widespread across rice paddies and wet areas, seen almost everyday.

68. Eastern cattle egret (Ardea coromanda)

Widespread but not too numerous across rice paddies and wet areas.

69. Great egret (Ardea alba)

Widespread across rice paddies and wet areas, seen almost everyday.

70. Medium egret (Ardea intermedia)

Modest numbers seen in wet areas of different areas visited on different dates: Kudavellari, Kabini, Periyar and Kumarakom.

71. Gray heron (Ardea cinerea)

Birds seen in Kudavellari (30 Dec and 4 Jan) and Kabini (1 Jan). Also seen on Ranganathittu (1 Jan) and Vembanad lake (11 Jan).

72. Purple heron (Ardea purpurea)

Birds seen in Kudavellari (30 Dec and 4 Jan), Ranganathittu (1 Jan) and Vembanad lake (11 Jan).

73. Spot-billed pelican (Pelecanus philippensis)

A large colony nesting on Ranganathittu, where the species is localized but numerous (1 Jan). A juvenile seen in Kudavellari (4 Jan).

74. Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)

Birds seen in Ranganathittu and Kabini backwaters (both 1 Jan) and Vembanad lake (11 Jan).

75. Oriental honey-buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus)

Flyover birds in Nagarahole, Kabini River Lodge (both 2 Jan), Bandipur (3 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

76. Red-headed vulture (Sarcogyps calvus)

Stunning views of this special and critically endangered raptor in Kabini (1 Jan) and Bandipur (2 Jan).

77. Crested serpent-eagle (Spilornis cheela)

A perched bird in Bandipur on 2 Jan.

78. Crested (changeable) hawk-eagle (Nisaetus cirrhatus cirrhatus)

Endemic subspecies to the Indian Subcontinent. Single birds seen in Kuttipara waterfalls (29 Dec), Kabini (1 Jan), Nagarahole (2 Jan), Thattekad (6 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

79. Black eagle (Ictinaetus malaiensis)

A pair engaged in acrobatic flights in the mountains. inEravikulam (6 Jan) and two flyover birds in Periyar (8 Jan).

80. Indian spotted eagle (Clanga hastata)

Lone flyover birds in Ranganathittu and Kabini backwaters, both on 1 Jan.

81. Greater spotted eagle (Clanga clanga)

A bird flying over Kudavellari on 30 Dec.

82. Crested goshawk (Lophospiza trivirgata)

A bird perched on a distant tree calling early in the morning across the lake from the watchtower in Thattekad on 6 Jan.

83. Shikra (Tachyspiza badia)

Single birds seen in Haripad train station at dusk (30 Dec), Ranganathittu (1 Jan) and Nagarahole (2 Jan).

84. Western marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus)

One bird in Kudavellari on 30 Dec.

85. Black kite (Milvus migrans)

Widespread and extremely numerous in urban settlements, seen daily except for days spent in the forest. Particularly good views in Mysore palace.

86. Brahminy kite (Haliastur indus)

Less numerous but more widespread than black kite, with birds seen in urban settlements. andriparian habitats in forests like Kabini, Bandipur or Periyar.

87. Lesser fish-eagle (Icthyophaga humilis)

A flyover bird in Periyar on 9 Jan.

88. Gray-headed fish-eagle (Icthyophaga ichthyaetus)

A juvenile and an adult next to a nest in Kabini backwaters on 1 Jan.

89. Eastern barn owl (Tyto javanica)

A nest on a tree hole with at least two nestlings, visited by parents at night, on a large tree in Kabini River Lodge on 1 – 2 Jan.

90. Indian scops-owl (Otus bakkamoena)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. One bird heard during a night walk in Periyar on 7 Jan.

91. Oriental scops-owl (Otus sunia)

A bird heard at night in Thattekad (1 Jan) and numerous birds heard on a night walk in Periyar (7 Jan).

92. Jungle owlet (Glaucidium radiatum)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. A bird briefly seen and heard at dusk in Haripad train station (30 Dec). Different birds heard at night in Thattekad (5 – 6 Jan). A couple seen at dusk in the grassland area next to Bamboo Grove in Periyar (7 Jan) gave awesome views.

93. Mottled wood-owl (Strix ocellata)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Two birds heard at Kabini River Lodge, of which one provided the best views on the spotlight, on 1 Jan.

94. Brown boobook (Ninox scutulata)

A bird heard before dawn from the Thattekad lighthouse, only by myself, on 6 Jan. Two birds found by Amaia and Giorgio at roost in Kumarakom on 11 Jan provided great views.

95. Malabar trogon (Harpactes fasciatus)

Endemic to south India and Sri Lanka. A male and a female seen in Thattekad rainforest on 6 Jan.

96. Eurasian hoopoe (Upupa epops)

Lone birds seen in Kabini backwaters (1 Jan), Nagarahole (2 Jan, several) and Bandipur (2 – 3 Jan).

97. Indian gray hornbill (Ocyceros birostris)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. At least four birds coming to roost at a large Ficus tree at Mysore palace (31 Dec) and a flyover bird in Ranganathittu (1 Jan).

98. Malabar gray hornbill (Ocyceros griseus)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Birds seen alone or in pairs in Thattekad (5 – 6 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

99. Malabar pied-hornbill (Anthracoceros coronatus)

Endemic to south India and Sri Lanka. A couple found by Amaia from the safari boat in Kabini backwaters on 1 Jan.

100. Blue-bearded bee-eater (Nyctyornis athertoni)

A bird only seen by Mebin and myself in Nagarahole on 2 Jan.

101. Asian green bee-eater (Merops orientalis)

Seen in the peri-urban area around Mebin’s place and Kudavellari on different occasions. Several individuals seen in Kabini backwaters on 1 Jan.

102. Blue-tailed bee-eater (Merops philippinus)

Numerous and widespread, seen in different areas and dates, even in urban settings.

103. Chestnut-headed bee-eater (Merops leschenaulti)

Flocks seen in Kabini (1 Jan), Munnar area from the road (6 – 7 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

104. Common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis)

Solitary birds stalking for fish in ponds and lakes. Seen in Kabini backwaters (1 Jan), Bandipur (3 Jan), Thattekad (5 Jan) and Periyar (8 Jan).

105. Stork-billed kingfisher (Pelargopsis capensis)

The largest and less abundant kingfisher of the trip. Single birds flying for fish in Ranganathittu (1 Jan), Thattekad (5 Jan) and KTDC Waterscapes (10 – 11 Jan).

106. White-throated kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis)

The most abundant kingfisher, seen extensively. invery diverse ecosystems, with and without water nearby, on most days.

107. Pied kingfisher (Ceryle rudis)

Different birds seen fishing, hovering and ambushing in Kudavellari (30 Dec), Ranganathittu (1 Jan) and Periyar (8 Jan).

108. Indian roller (Coracias benghalensis)

A single bird seen in the distance in Kabini backwates on 1 Jan.

109. Dollarbird (Eurystomus orientalis)

Two birds perched at dawn in Thattekad on 6 Jan.

110. Malabar barbet (Psilopogon malabaricus)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Heard in the most pristine forests in Thattekad (5 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan), where we evenually connected with a bird on top of a dead tree.

111. Coppersmith barbet (Psilopogon haemacephalus)

Heard in Ranganathittu, Kabini (both 1 Jan) and andipur (2 – 3 Jan). A bird was seen in Bandipur Safari Lodge by Mihika and myself (3 Jan).

112. White-cheeked barbet (Psilopogon viridis)

Endemic to south India. Heard every single day in all places visited, and seen on many different occasions — often times after some effort.

113. Heart-spotted woodpecker (Hemicircus canente)

A fantastic pair giving good looks in Thattekad on 6 Jan.

114. Brown-capped pygmy woodpecker (Yungipicus nanus)

A pair foraging in Kuttipara waterfalls (29 Jan), a bird seen in Kabini (1 Jan) and a bird I missed but everyone saw next to a Malabar flameback nest in Bandipur (2 Jan).

115. Malabar flameback (Chrysocolaptes socialis)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Two birds found at their nesting site in Bandipur (2 Jan) and one briefly seen in the forest in Thattekad (6 Jan).

116. Rufous woodpecker (Micropternus brachyurus)

A bird seen in Periyar on 9 Jan.

117. Black-rumped flameback (Dinopium benghalense)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Different birds seen at Mebin’s place (30 Dec and 4 Jan), Bandipur (3 Jan) and KTDC Waterscapes (11 Jan).

118. Lesser yellownape (Picus chlorolophus)

Two birds heard and one very briefly seen in Periyar on 8 Jan.

119. White-bellied woodpecker (Dryocopus javensis)

Awesome views of a bird in Thattekad on 5 Jan.

120. Eurasian kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)

Two hovering birds in Eravikulam on 6 Jan.

121. Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus)

A flyby bird only seen by myself in Nagarahole on 2 Jan.

122. Rose-ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri)

Numerous in and around Mysore, where good numbers were seen inside the city and at the palace (31 Dec) and in Ranganathittu (1 Jan).

123. Plum-headed parakeet (Psittacula cyanocephala)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Flocks often flying over but sometimes giving cracking views in Kabini (1 Jan), Nagarahole (2 Jan), Bandipur (2 – 3 Jan), Thattekad (6 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

124. Malabar parakeet (Psittacula columboides)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Small flocks seen in Bandipur (2 – 3 Jan), Thattekad (5 – 6 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan) — here, a flowering tree provided awesome views of a feeding flock.

125. Vernal hanging-parrot (Loriculus vernalis)

Flyover birds most often heard than seen in Thattekad (5 – 6 Jan) and Periyar (9 Jan).

126. Indian pitta (Pitta brachyura)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Calls head at night fom the watchtowe in Thattekad on 5 – 6 Jan.

127. Small minivet (Pericrocotus cinnamomeus)

Small goups seen in Mysore city (1 Jan) and Bandipur (2 Jan).

128. Orange minivet (Pericrocotus flammeus)

Endemic to the Westen Ghats and Sri Lanka. Often part of mixed-species foraging flocks. Good numbers were seen in Bandipur (3 Jan), Thattekad (5 Jan), Munnar (7 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

129. Black-headed cuckooshrike (Lalage melanoptera)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. A male was seen in Bandipur on 3 Jan.

130. Indian golden oriole (Oriolus kundoo)

Different birds heard and seen in Kuttipara waterfalls (29 Dec), Bandipur (3 Jan), Thattekad (6 Jan) and Periyar (8 Jan).

131. Black-hooded oriole (Oriolus xanthornus)

Heard and briefly seen around Mebin’s place (30 Dec and 4 Jan) and in Thattekad (6 Jan).

132. Ashy woodswallow (Artamus fuscus)

Good numbers seen in Kudavellari (30 Dec and 4 Jan) and some birds in Nagarahole (2 Jan) and Periyar (9 Jan).

133. Malabar woodshrike (Tephrodornis sylvicola)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. A bird seen in Periyar on 9 Jan.

134. Common woodshrike (Tephrodornis pondicerianus)

A single individual seen on a dead tree in Kabini backwaters on 1 Jan.

135. Common iora (Aegithina tiphia)

Sometimes part of mixed-species foraging flocks. Seen in Bandipur (2 Jan), Munnar (7 Jan) and Periyar (9 Jan).

136. Spot-breasted fantail (Rhipidura albogularis)

Endemic to India. A pair delivered satisfying views in Ranganathittu on 1 Jan.

137. White-browed fantail (Rhipidura aureola)

Brief views in Bandipur on 2 – 3 Jan.

138. Black drongo (Dicrurus macrocercus)

Numerous in the plains area, where good numbers were seen in croplands in Kudavellari and peri-urban areas at Mebin’s place.

139. Ashy drongo (Dicrurus leucophaeus)

One bird seen around Bamboo Grove in Periyar on 7 Jan.

140. White-bellied drongo (Dicrurus caerulescens)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Single individuals seen in Nagarahole and Bandipur, both on 2 Jan.

141. Bronzed drongo (Dicrurus aeneus)

Birds seen in Kuttipara waterfalls (29 Dec), Kabini (1 Jan) and Periyar (8 Jan).

142. Greater racket-tailed drongo (Dicrurus paradiseus)

Numerous and widespread in forested areas, where it is an important part of mixed-species foraging flocks composed of medium to large birds.

143. Black-naped monarch (Hypothymis azurea)

A single bird foraging in a mixed-species flock in Periyar on 9 Jan.

144. Indian paradise-flycatcher (Terpsiphone paradisi)

Mostly brief views and calls heard of this stunner, but eventually all plumage types seen. Mebin’s dad spotted the local white-morph male at their place on 4 Jan. A rufous-morph male posed for me in Kumarakom on 11 Jan.

145. Brown shrike (Lanius cristatus)

Single individuals seen in Nagarahole (2 Jan) and Thattekad (6 Jan).

146. Long-tailed shrike (Lanius schach)

Single birds seen in Nagarahole (2 Jan) and in the garden off Munnar Tea County restaurant (7 Jan).

147. Rufous treepie (Dendrocitta vagabunda)

Heard and briefly seen on different occasions: in Nagarahole, Bandipur (both 2 Jan), Thattekad (6 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan), among others.

148. White-bellied treepie (Dendrocitta leucogastra)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Incredible views in Thattekad (6 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan) of this stunning specialty of the region.

149. House crow (Corvus splendens)

Abundant in human settlements along all areas visited.

150. Indian jungle crow (Corvus macrorhynchos culminatus)

Numerous, seen in variable numbers in different ecosystems, including urban settlements and forests.

151. Gray-headed canary-flycatcher (Culicicapa ceylonensis)

A bird seen in Eravikulam on 6 Jan, and the following day on a quick stop in the trees next to a tea crop around Munnar.

152. Cinereous (Asian) tit (Parus cinereus cinereus)

Often part of mixed-species foraging flocks, with birds seen in Kuttipara waterfalls (29 Dec), Mysore city (31 Dec – 1 Jan), Kabini (1 Jan), Nagarahole (2 Jan), Thattekad (6 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

153. Jerdon’s bushlark (Plocealauda affinis)

Endemic to south India and Sri Lanka. Two birds foraging on a roadside in Bandipur on 3 Jan.

154. Oriental skylark (Alauda gulgula)

Over half a dozen of birds in the grassy slopes of Parunthumpara on 9 Jan.

155. Common tailorbird (Orthotomus sutorius)

A typical bird of gardens and degraded vegetation, seen often in pei-urban areas (e.g., at Mebin’s place) and in the vegetation of different resorts.

156. Ashy prinia (Prinia socialis)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. A singing bird provided great views in Kudavellari on 4 Jan.

157. Plain prinia (Prinia inornata)

Different pairs seen in Kudavellari (30 Dec and 4 Jan) and Eravikulam (6 Jan).

158. Thick-billed warbler (Arundinax aedon)

A skulking bird was photographed in Bandipur on 3 Jan.

159. Booted warbler (Iduna caligata)

A bird seen in the dead grass on the road in Kudavellari on 30 Dec.

160. Sykes’s warbler (Iduna rama)

A skulking bird was heard and seen in Bandipur Safari Lodge gardens on 3 Jan.

161. Blyth’s reed warbler (Acrocephalus dumetorum)

Different birds seen in Eravikulam (6 Jan) and Munnar (7 Jan).

162. Clamorous reed warbler (Acrocephalus stentoreus)

Single individuals seen in Kudavellari (30 Dec) and Ranganathittu (1 Jan).

163. Dusky crag-martin (Ptyonoprogne concolor)

Relatively abundant in Munnar, mostly seen from the road but also in town (6 Jan).

164. Hill swallow (Hirundo domicola)

Endemic to the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka. Single birds and pairs flying over in Eravikulam (6 Jan) and around Munnar (7 Jan).

165. Barn swallow (Hirundo rustica)

Large flocks seen in Kudavellari (30 Dec), Kabini (1 Jan) and Vembanad lake (11 Jan).

166. Eastern red-rumped swallow (Cecropis daurica)

A large flock of about 20 birds seen in Bandipur (2 Jan). Single birds connected in Kabini (2 Jan), Eravikulam (6 Jan) and Vembanad lake (11 Jan).

167. Streak-throated swallow (Petrochelidon fluvicola)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. A large flock in Ranganathittu on 1 Jan.

168. Yellow-browed bulbul (Acritillas indica)

Endemic to the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka. Different birds seen in Thattekad on 5 – 6 Jan.

169. Square-tailed bulbul (Hypsipetes ganeesa)

Endemic to the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka. A flock of eight birds in Eravikulam on 6 Jan.

170. Flame-throated bulbul (Rubigula gularis)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Different birds seen in Thattekad on 6 Jan.

171. Red-whiskered bulbul (Pycnonotus jocosus)

Widespread and numerous, heard and seen almost daily. Particularly common in the highlands, with good numbers in and around Munnar, including Eravikulam.

172. Red-vented bulbul (Pycnonotus cafer)

Few birds seen in Kuttipara waterfalls (29 Dec), Kudavellari (30 Dec) and Munnar (7 Jan).

173. Tytler’s leaf warbler (Phylloscopus tytleri)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. A bird heard only by myself and recorded in Munnar Tea County Resort early in the morning on 7 Jan.

174. Tickell’s leaf warbler (Phylloscopus affinis)

At least two birds seen in Eravikulam on 6 Jan.

175. Green warbler (Phylloscopus nitidus)

Good numbers of wintering birds heard and seen in forested areas across the whole itinerary.

176. Greenish warbler (Phylloscopus trochiloides)

Good numbers of wintering birds heard and seen in forested areas across the whole itinerary. Recorded slightly more often throughout the trip than green warbler.

177. Large-billed leaf warbler (Phylloscopus magnirostris)

Heard calling on different occasions close to the watchtower in Thattekad on 5 Jan.

178. Indian white-eye (Zosterops palpebrosus)

Seen in Bandipur (3 Jan) and best numbers connected in Eravikulam (6 Jan) and Munnar (7 Jan).

179. Indian scimitar-babbler (Pomatorhinus horsfieldii)

Endemic to south India. Only spotted in the highlands, where it was heard and briefly seen in Munnar (7 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

180. Palani laughingthrush (Montecincla fairbanki)

Extremely range-restricted endemic to the Western Ghats. Good numbers seen along the route of Eravikulam (6 Jan) and in the gardens of Munnar Tea County Resorts (7 Jan).

181. Rufous babbler (Argya subrufa)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. A small flock in Periyar seen on 8 Jan.

182. Jungle babbler (Argya striata)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Numerous, seen on different dates in various types of vegetation, from house gardens (e.g., Mebin’s place) to well-conserved forests (Nagarahole, Bandipur or Periyar).

183. Yellow-billed babbler (Argya affinis)

Endemic to south India and Sri Lanka. Different birds heard in Mysore city (31 Dec) and Ranganathittu (1 Jan).

184. Velvet-fronted nuthatch (Sitta frontalis)

Part of mixed-species foraging flocks in Periyar on 8 – 9 Jan.

185. Southern hill myna (Gracula indica)

Endemic to the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka. Good numbers heard and seen in Thattekad (5 – 6 Jan), and some in Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

186. Rosy starling (Pastor roseus)

A large mixed-species flock flew in to roost on a dead tree in Mysore Palace on 31 Dec.

187. Brahminy starling (Sturnia pagodarum)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Seen in small flocks along forested areas visited in Karnataka — Kabini (1 Jan), Nagarahole (2 Jan) and Bandipur (2 – 3 Jan).

188. Chestnut-tailed starling (Sturnia malabarica)

A large mixed-species flock flew in to roost on a dead tree in Mysore Palace (31 Dec), and small flocks seen in Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

189. Malabar starling (Sturnia blythii)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Single birds in Bandipur (2 Jan) and Thattekad (6 Jan), and small flocks in Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

190. Common myna (Acridotheres tristis)

Numerous in urban and peri-urban areas across Kerala and Karnataka.

191. Jungle myna (Acridotheres fuscus)

One of the most abundant birds of the trip, associated to cattle and urban activity but also present close to big herbivores in forests and grasslands.

192. White-throated (Orange-headed) thrush (Geokichla citrina cyanota)

Subspecies endemic to south India. A pair and a single bird foraging in the forest litter in Periyar on 8 Jan.

193. Asian brown flycatcher (Muscicapa dauurica)

Single wintering birds seen in Kabini (1 Jan) and Thattekad (5 – 6 Jan).

194. Brown-breasted flycatcher (Muscicapa muttui)

A wintering bird seen in Periyar on 8 Jan.

195. Oriental magpie-robin (Copsychus saularis)

A common garden bird widespread and seen in different places and dates.

196. Nilgiri flycatcher (Eumyias albicaudatus)

Range-restricted endemic to the Western Ghats. A male seen briefly in Eravikulam on 6 Jan.

197. Verditer flycatcher (Eumyias thalassinus)

A bird only I managed to spot and photograph in the distant vegetation of a pond in Bandipur on 2 Jan.

198. Tickell’s blue flycatcher (Cyornis tickelliae)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Awesome views of different birds in Ranganathittu (1 Jan) and Bandipur Safari Lodge (2 – 3 Jan).

199. Malabar whistling-thrush (Myophonus horsfieldii)

Endemic to south India. Heard in Thattekad, Eravikulam (both 6 Jan), Munnar (7 Jan) and Periyar (7 – 8 Jan), where we managed to see a stunning bird.

200. Black-and-orange flycatcher (Ficedula nigrorufa)

Range-restricted endemic to the Western Ghats. We enjoyed a smart female of this big target for a prolonged time in a shola crossed by the road close to the top end in Eravikulam on 6 Jan.

201. Taiga flycatcher (Ficedula albicilla)

Brief but very close looks of a male in Bandipur on 2 Jan.

202. Blue-capped rock-thrush (Monticola cinclorhyncha)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. A beautiful personal target, an adult male provided great looks on a solo early morning walk in Munnar Tea County Resorts on 7 Jan.

203. Blue rock-thrush (Monticola solitarius)

Two birds seen in Parunthumpara on 9 Jan.

204. Pied bushchat (Saxicola caprata)

Pairs perched on twigs and shrubs on the road around Bandipur (3 Jan) and Munnar (6 – 7 Jan). Particularly good views in Eravikulam (6 Jan) and Parunthumpara (9 Jan).

205. Pale-billed flowerpecker (Dicaeum erythrorhynchos)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Single birds and pairs seen in Mysore city, Ranganathittu (both 1 Jan), Bandipur Safari Lodge (3 Jan) and KTDC Waterscapes (11 Jan).

206. Nilgiri flowerpecker (Dicaeum concolor)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Brief looks in Eravikulam only by Mihika and myself (6 Jan) but great views around the jungle camp in Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

207. Purple-rumped sunbird (Leptocoma zeylonica)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Good numbers in gardens and forest edge, seen in Kudavellari (30 Dec), Ranganathittu, Kabini (both 1 Jan), Nagarahole (2 Jan), Bandipur (3 Jan), Mebin’s place (4 Jan) and Kumarakom (11 Jan).

208. Crimson-backed sunbird (Leptocoma minima)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Singing males and pairs seen in Thattekad on 5 – 6 Jan.

209. Purple sunbird (Cinnyris asiaticus)

Different birds connected in Kuttipara waterfalls (29 Dec), Mysore palace (31 Dec), Munnar (7 Jan) and around Kochi (12 Jan).

210. Loten’s sunbird (Cinnyris lotenius)

Endemic to south India and Sri Lanka. Single birds and pairs seen in Mebin’s place (30 Dec and 4 Jan), Ranganathittu (1 Jan, a female calling, locally rare) and Kumarakom (11 Jan).

211. Asian fairy-bluebird (Irena puella)

A pair only I managed to spot and photograph in the distant vegetation of a pond in Bandipur on 3 Jan.

212. Golden-fronted leafbird (Chloropsis aurifrons)

Different birds in mixed-species foraging flocks in Thattekad (6 Jan) and Periyar (9 Jan).

213. Indian silverbill (Euodice malabarica)

A small flock seen by Mihika in Bandipur Safari Lodge on 3 Jan.

214. Black-throated munia (Lonchura kelaarti)

Endemic to Souh India and Sri Lanka. Few birds seen in Munnar Tea County Resorts on a solo morning walk (7 Jan) and in Periyar on a mixed-species flock (8 Jan).

215. White-rumped munia (Lonchura striata)

A small flock in Kuttipara waterfalls (29 Dec) and a pair only Giorgio, Mebin and I saw in Kudavellari (30 Dec).

216. House sparrow (Passer domesticus)

Only connected in urban Munnar (6 – 7 Jan).

217. Yellow-throated sparrow (Gymnoris xanthocollis)

Two birds singing in an open forest area of Nagarahole on 2 Jan.

218. Forest wagtail (Dendronanthus indicus)

Several birds heard and seen in the forest in PEriyar on 8 Jan.

219. Gray wagtail (Motacilla cinerea)

Widespread and seen in low numbers in different areas and dates throughout the trip.

220. Western yellow wagtail (Motacilla flava)

Dozens of birds mostly showing thunbergii phenotype foraged in Kudavellary muddy rice paddies on 30 Dec and 4 Jan.

221. White-browed wagtail (Motacilla maderaspatensis)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. Good numbers seen in Ranganathittu and Kabini backwaters (both 1 Jan). A bird foraged in the roof of the ticket office in Eravikulam (6 Jan).

222. Paddyfield pipit (Anthus rufulus)

A small flock engaged in some ‘acrobatic jumps’ on the grass in Periyar, and different birds singing were connected in Parunthumpara, both on 9 Jan.

223. Long-billed pipit (Anthus similis)

A single bird called and showed off amazingly in Paunthumpara on 9 Jan.

224. Nilgiri pipit (Anthus nilghiriensis)

Extremely range-restricted endemic to the Western Ghats. A bird performed extremely well on the road around the top end of the walk in Eravikulam on 6 Jan. The guide at the barrier was knowledgeable of the species and helped us look for it for some minutes before this bird came to us.

225. Common rosefinch (Carpodacus erythrinus)

A small flock foraged on the vegetation in Bandipur on 3 Jan.

Mammals

1. Asian palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus)

Seen by one group on the night scout in Periyar on 7 Jan.

2. Indian gray mongoose (Urva edwardsii)

Seen in Bandipur on 2 Jan.

3. Stripe-necked mongoose (Urva vitticollis)

Endemic to the Westren Ghats and Sri Lanka. Pairs seen close to the water in Bandipur (3 Jan) and from the camp in Periyar (8 Jan).

4. Ruddy mongoose (Urva smithii)

Endemic to India and Sri Lanka. Seen in Kabini (2 Jan) and Bandipur (3 Jan).

5. Smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata)

A large family of over 25 otters rested and played by the shore in Kabini backwaters on 1 Jan.

6. Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)

Breathtaking views of different packs in Kabini (2 Jan), Bandipur (2 – 3 Jan) and Periyar (7 – 9 Jan), where several observations consisted on a lone female.

7. Indian boar (Sus scrofa cristatus)

Different individuals and groups seen at day and night in Kabini backwaters (1 Jan) and Periyar (7 – 9 Jan), where certain individuals foraged just around the camp.

8. Indian chevrotain (Moschiola indica)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. One of the groups was lucky enough to see two of these very elusive ungulates at night in Periyar on 7 Jan.

9. Northern red muntjac (Muntjacus vaginalis)

An individual seen by one of the groups during the night walk in Periyar on 7 Jan.

10. Spotted deer (Axis axis)

Abundant in Kabini and Bandipur, where large packs were seen daily in the forest.

11. Sambar (Rusa unicolor)

Good numbers (but less abundant than spotted deer) in Kabini and Bandipur. A distant lone individual in Eravikulam. Largest numbers in Periyar, where it was quite abundant, with good numbers seen during night walks.

12. Gaur (Bos gaurus)

Seen in Bandipur (2 – 3 Jan), on the roadside fom Eravikulam to Munnar (6 Jan) and in Periyar (7 – 9 Jan), where it was particularly abundant.

13. Nilgiri tahr (Nilgiritragus hylocrius)

Extremely range-restricted endemic to the Western Ghats. The main target of Eravikulam, where it is extremely used to human presence and forages in large herds in and around the roads.

14. Bonnett macaque (Macaca radiata)

Endemic to south India. Widespread and numerous, large troops patrol in areas where tourism is rampant.

15. Black-footed gray langur (Semnopithecus hypoleucos)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Several troops seen in Kabini on 1 – 2 Jan.

16. Nilgiri langur (Semnopithecus johnii)

Range-restricted endemic to the Westerrn Ghats. Low numbers in different forests: seen in Eravikulam (5 Jan) and Periyar (8 – 9 Jan).

17. Tufted gray langur (Semnopithecus priam)

Endemic to south India and Sri Lanka. Several troops seen in Bandipur on 2 – 3 Jan.

18. Indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica)

Seen by one group on the night scout in Periyar on 7 Jan. Several quills found in the area too.

19. Indian giant squirrel (Ratufa indica)

Endemic to south India. Widespread and abundant, seen in most primary and secondary forest areas visited.

20. Jungle palm squirrel (Funambulus tristriatus)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Most common in the plains, where seen daily, even at Mebin’s garden.

21. Three-striped palm squirrel (Funambulus palmarum)

Endemic to south India and Sri Lanka. Common in Karnataka area, especially in Mysore city gardens, such as the palace surroundings.

22. Nilgiri palm squirrel (Funambulus sublineatus)

Range-restricted endemic to the Western Ghats. Individuals were seen in Periyar on 9 Jan.

23. Common giant flying squirrel (Petaurista philippensis)

One of the biggest targets of the night walks in Periyar and a hardly seen species. However, both groups independently connected with this squirrel, one of which got some of the best views ever according to their guide.

24. Greater bandicoot-rat (Bandicota indica)

An individual seen on a lone morning walk around Kabini River Lodge on 2 Jan.

25. Indian flying-fox (Pteropus giganteus)

Widespread and abundant, seen almost every evening throughout the trip.

26. Beddome’s horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus beddomei)

Endemic to India and Sri Lanka. Two individuals seen at roost inside a large tree cavity in Periyar on 8 Jan.

Reptiles

1. Indian black turtle (Melanochelys trijuga)

Seen in ponds and water channels on different dates, either basking in the sun or swimming at night on the spotlight.

2. Spotted house gecko (Hemidactylus parvimaculatus)

Endemic to south India and Sri Lanka. A gecko crawling on litter at night in the shore of Kabini backwaters on 1 Jan.

3. Common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus)

The most common house gecko, seen in many places and days.

4. Northern house gecko (Hemidactylus flaviviridis)

Present in Thattekad lighthouse, seen during our stay on 6 Jan.

5. Common four-clawed gecko (Gehyra mutilata)

Some individuals seen around the plains, including at Mebin’s place.

6. Roux’s forest lizard (Monilesaurus rouxii)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. One individual seen in Thattekad on 6 Jan.

7. Oriental garden lizard (Calotes versicolor)

Seen in gardens and forest edge in different places during the trip.

8. Kerala mud snake (Dieurostus dussumieri)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. We were lucky to find one waiting on a hole underwater to ambush fish near the restarant in KTDC Waterscapes on 10 Jan.

9. Dussumier’s little skink (Sphenomorphus dussumieri)

Endemic to the Western Ghats. Seen in the forest litter of Kuttipara waterfalls (29 Dec) and Thattekad (6 Jan).

10. Keeled Indian mabuya (Eutropis carinata)

Endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. One individual seen on the road in Eravikulam on 5 Jan.

11. Checkered keelback (Fowlea piscator)

The most common snake throughout the trip. Different individuals were seen in wetlands and ponds along the trip.

12. Oriental rat snake (Ptyas mucosa)

Mebin and I observed one individual chasing a bullfrog in Kudavellari paddyfields on 30 Jan.

13. Mugger crocodile (Crocodylus palustris)

Seen in good numbers in Ranganathittu on 1 Jan.

Amphibians

1. Asian common toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus)

Seen in the forest litter of Kabini River Lodge on 1 Jan.

2. Common Indian cricket frog (Minervarya agricola)

Seen in the forest litter of Kabini River Lodge on 1 Jan.

3. Indian frog (Indirana sp.)

Frogs of this genus endemic to the Western Ghats were numerous on the litter in Thattekad at night on 6 Jan.

4. Indian bullfrog (Hoplobatrachus tigerinus)

Mebin and I observed one individual chased by a rat snake in Kudavellari paddyfields on 30 Jan.

5. Wayanad bush frog (Pseudophilautus wynaadensis)

An individual most likely belonging to this species was seen at night on the gardens of the bamboo grove in Periyar on 7 Jan.